The history of the Falu mine

At the core of Falun’s World Heritage lies the Falun Mine, once Europe’s largest copper producer and a driving force behind Sweden’s rise as a modern industrial nation. Its legacy spans over a thousand years, shaping both local society and European development.

Nestled at the heart of the World Heritage of Falun, the Falun Mine is Europe's oldest and largest copper mine, with operations dating back to possibly the 7th century. Ore has been mined here for several hundred years. For centuries, it has been a hub of copper, gold, and silver extraction, significantly contributing to Europe's mineral wealth.

Although the work at the mine was dangerous, in the 17th century, the mine emerged as Sweden's most advanced workplace, offering fair wages, reasonable hours, and even free healthcare, which was unique for this time period, attracting skilled labor from across the continent. During the 17th century, Europe's best engineers were found in Falun and technical knowledge was high. At its peak, the Falun Mine produced over 70 percent of Europe’s copper supply, earning the nickname "Sweden's Treasure Chest". This
development affected the economic, social and political situation in Sweden and Europe. Mining ceased in 1992.

The mine’s legacy extends beyond its closure in 1992, as it continues to shape the region through the enduring production of Falun red paint, made from the remnants of copper mining, which has been a hallmark of Swedish culture for over 250 years.

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